How To Install Glm For Mac

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I decided to create this tutorial about CMake and OpenGL since I couldn’t find many articles about this specific topic on the Internet. Most CMake tutorials focus on the very basic usage - one file main.cpp and then create project with one CMake function add_executable and that’s it. That was not enough for me since setting up an OpenGL project is quite cumbersome and requires some additional libraries to configure.

Therefore, I’ve dived into this topic and with some luck I was able to create working CMake script, that will build a project for IDE of my choice, which in my case is Visual Studio Community.

I would like to state I’m not a CMake expert, so any improvements/comments/etc. to this tutorial and the CMake code are greatly welcome.

Prerequisites

First of all, we have to have CMake installed and added to the system PATH variable. You can download CMake here.

Secondly, we need some project files that we can work with. For this purpose, I’ve prepared a small package with basic OpenGL project that opens a window and renders an object. You can download this sample project here.

What is more, this project contains the following dependencies:

GLAD
GLFW3
GLM
stb_image

The one dependency that is missing is Assimp library (responsible for loading 3D models). It was left on purpose - we will learn how to use CMake by building Assimp ourselves.

First step: using CMake

Download sources

To be able to load 3D models with the pre-made project we need Assimp library. Authors of this library don’t distribute binary files. Therefore, we have to build it from given source files. You can download Assimp’s source files from the original page. Then just simply click the Download button, and you will be redirected to their download page. Then, go ahead and download Source code (zip).

At the time, when this article was written, the newest version of Assimp was 4.1.0.

Building Assimp

When we have downloaded the source files, we can extract them. Now, in the location where the extracted files are, create new folder and call it build. This folder will contain the CMake generated Visual Studio files.

To create Visual Studio solution files using CMake, we have to options:

use command line
use CMake GUI

Here, I will show how to use both approaches.

Using command line

Simply open command line tool inside the newly created build directory and type:

And that’s it. Generated Visual Studio solution files should be inside the build folder.

Using CMake GUI

Run CMake-gui application. You should see a window similar to this one:

Then fill two boxes with proper paths:

Where is the source code
Where to build the binaries

I think that these boxes are self-explanatory. Then, you should have something like this:

Now click on the Configure button and select the generator for our project. In our case it is Visual Studio 15 2017. Then click Finish.

When configuration step has completed, make sure that LIBRARY_SUFFIX is empty:

Now you can click on the Generate button to generate Visual Studio solution files. CMake will save them inside the build folder.

Building binaries

If you generated Visual Studio solution files using one of the above methods, go to the build folder and open Assimp.sln. Then, right click on the assimp project and select Set as StartUp project.

Now select the build configuration to Release and platform to Win32 and build the project (press F7 or choose Build->Build solution).

When everything is ok (I hope it is), you should see a message in Visual Studio console:

One more step

When you have successfully built Assimp binaries, you can do the following steps:

Copy assimp.lib from build/code/Release to lib folder of our Sample project.
Create dlls folder in the root directory of our Sample project.
Copy assimp.dll from build/code/Release to dlls folder of our Sample project.
Copy build/include/assimp folder to include folder of our Sample project.
Copy include/assimp folder to include folder of our Sample project.

That’s it. We can now proceed to writing a CMake script that will build Visual Studio (or any other) solution for Simple project.

Second step: CMake script for our Simple project

Finally, we can talk something about core of this tutorial - creating a CMake script.

First of all, create file CMakeLists.txt in the root directory of Sample project. In this file we will define the build rules for our project.

Every CMake script should define the minimum required version of CMake and name of the project (and in our case also a solution name). Let’s set the minimum CMake version to 3.2 and project name to OpenGLExample.

Source files and libraries

Now we will create two CMake variables to hold *.c/*.cpp and *.h/*.hpp source files. First variable will be called SOURCE_FILES and second HEADER_FILES. To do so, we will use file command with GLOB_RECURSE parameter.

The file command can take as a first parameter a lot of options, but we will focus only on two of them:

GLOB - it will generate a list of files that match the globing expression, which is very similar to regular expressions.
GLOB_RECURSE - it works the same as the GLOB with exception that it will traverse all subdirectories of the matched directory and will match the files.

So, in our case using GLOB_RECURSE is much convenient as we store source files in different subdirectories. However, if we would like to use GLOB, we should add these subdirectories to the file command ourselves.

You can also notice the global CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR variable. This variable points to the folder where CMakeLists.txt file is located. CMake defines much more global variables which you can view here.

In the next step, we specify where linker should look for static libraries for our project. It’s done using link_directories command and passing the directory as a parameter.

Resources

Every OpenGL project needs some additional resources which hold different data - 3D models, textures, etc. According to my knowledge, CMake doesn’t have a nice and clean way to specify the resources directory. However, the best way to overcome this problem is to use configuration file. This file will moved by CMake to different folder with changed content.

Using this knowledge, we will create a configuration file, that after modified by CMake, will contain a C++ macro that will hold an absolute path to the root directory of our project (where CMakeLists.txt resides).

To do so, create helpers folder inside src folder, and then create file RootDir.h.in in the newly created folder. Then, type the following code to our configuration file.

As you can see, we referenced a CMake variable @CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR@. This variable will be modified by CMake with the absolute path, where the file CMakeLists.txt is located.

We also need to tell CMake where is our configuration file, and where CMake should put it. To do so, we call a command configure_file.

Executable

When we have our source files configured, it’s time to configure our main project that will create the executable. All we need to do is to call the following function:

It will create the project with a name that was specified using project command with source and header files saved in variables SOURCE_FILES and HEADER_FILES.

External libraries

The last big thing that we need to do, in order to complete the CMake script is to tell CMake what additional libraries are required by our project, and where these libraries can be found. All of these can be accomplished with find_package command.

This command take as a parameter a module name. Modules in CMake aid with finding various libraries and packages. CMake, by default, supports a lot of well-known libraries such as OpenGL. You can list all modules that your version of CMake supports by typing:

Unfortunately, CMake doesn’t support by default every library (that would be impossible). However, we can create our modules (or download it from the web). Fortunately, our Simple project comes with 3 modules that will allow us to find Assimp, GLM and GLFW3 libraries.

First we have to tell CMake where our modules are.

Then we can tell CMake to find desired libraries.

What about GLAD and stb_image? These libraries are header-only libraries so for them we will create separate targets (projects) in our solution.

Then, we will save all found directories into a single variable LIBS.

The last thing that we will do is to link selected libraries with our main project and define include directories, that will be used by compiler in order to search for include files.

Visual Studio filters (folders)

All of the above steps create the valid CMake script that will create a valid Visual Studio project. But to make this project look a little bit nicer in our IDE we will create a macro (and then we will run it) to put source and header files in Visual Studio filters (folders).

Auto-copy DLLs

After creating the Visual Studio solution using CMake script defined above, we will have to copy ourselves the required DLLs to correct directories. In order to omit this problem, we can define a custom command that will automatically copy the selected DLLs (or the whole folder) to the correct place. This command will be executed after the process of building the project.

Build the Sample project

In order to test our script, let’s build our Sample project. To do so, you can use command line tool or cmake-gui application. Here, I’m gonna use the command line tool.

So let’s call this set of commands in the root directory of our project.

This will create Visual Studio solution inside the build directory. Now, open OpenGLExample.sln solution and run the OpenGLExample project. You should see a window with rotating statue.

The end